A rotator cuff tear is a common shoulder injury that affects one or more of the tendons that help stabilize and move the shoulder joint. The rotator cuff consists of a group of muscles and tendons that work together to allow lifting, reaching, and rotating the arm. When a tendon becomes partially or completely torn, shoulder pain and weakness can develop.
Rotator cuff tears may occur suddenly after a fall, lifting injury, or other trauma. They can also develop gradually over time due to repetitive movements, aging, and normal wear and tear. People who regularly perform overhead activities, such as athletes, painters, and construction workers, may have a higher risk of developing this condition.
Common symptoms include pain when lifting the arm, weakness, reduced range of motion, and discomfort that often becomes worse at night. Some individuals notice clicking sensations or difficulty performing everyday tasks such as reaching overhead, combing their hair, or getting dressed. In severe cases, lifting the arm may become extremely difficult.
Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination and may include imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI scans. Treatment depends on the size and severity of the tear. Mild cases may improve with rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications, while larger tears may require surgical repair.
Early diagnosis and treatment can help reduce pain, improve shoulder function, and prevent the injury from worsening. Anyone experiencing persistent shoulder pain or weakness should seek medical evaluation to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment options.